- 18% of the world's population has NO access to clean water
- 3 largest water consumers are USA, China and India
- diarrhea from unclean water kills 2 million people/year
- floods and drought are major problems in some countries
The earth's water could be divided into:
- salt water - 96.5%
- frozen water - 1.7%
- ground water - 1.7%
- contaminated water - .1%
- fresh water - 1 drop / 1 litre
- Lake Winnipeg
- Lake Superior
- Lake Huron
- Lake Ontario
- Lake Michigan
- Lake Erie
- Lake Winnipeg
- Great Slave Lake
- Lake Athabaska
- Skeena River
- Mackenzie River
- South Sask. River
- North Sask. River
- Athabaska River
- Nipigon River
- Ottawa River
- Saint John River
- Atlantic Ocean
- Pacific Ocean
- 99% of all living species on earth now extinct
- 5 major extinctions
- 4/5 extinctions due to global warming and anaerobic bacteria (don't need oxygen) that love hot
- if poles warm, ocean conveyer (currents) stop
- bacteria produce hydrogen sulphide, oceans turn purple, sky turns green
- shark 400 million years old, nautilus 500 million, humans 200 000 years (2500 times less)
- fertilizers and sewage dumped in oceans and through rivers
- marine deserts, no oxygen in water (hypoxia)
- dead zones ( up to 70 000 sq. km )
- fish species going extinct
- 5% of deep ocean is explored
- ocean bottom is more toxic to humans than outer space
- sulphur from volcanic vents
- bioluminescence- most common communication tool on earth
Types of Water Pollutants 1. Non-persistent (degradable)
domestic sewage
fertilizers
some industrial wastes
These compounds can be broken down by chemical reactions or by natural bacteria into simple, non-polluting substances such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen. The process can lead to low oxygen levels if the pollution load is high. But this damage is reversible.
2. Persistent (degrade slowly)
some pesticides (e.g., DDT, dieldrin)
some components from landfill sites (municipal, industrial)
petroleum and petroleum products
radioactive materials such as strontium-90, cesium-137, radium-226, and uranium
metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium
This is the most rapidly growing type of pollution and includes substances that degrade very slowly or cannot be broken down at all; they may remain in the aquatic environment for years or longer periods of time. The damage they cause is either irreversible or reparable only over decades or centuries.
3. Other
warm water from cooling towers (thermal pollution)
floating debris
garbage
foam
These are examples not of chemical pollution, but of physical pollution which interferes mainly with the usability and/or aesthetic appeal of the water. In certain cases, thermal pollution can kill fish.
The Great Lakes
There are over 360 chemical compounds that have been identified in the Great Lakes, many of which are potentially dangerous to humans and already destructive to the aquatic ecosystems.
-air pressure, 101kPa {pascals}, water pressure (more!)- depends on depth
-when cup is turned down air pressure acting up is greater than the water pressure acting down which makes the laminated paper stick on the glass, does not work with smaller hole because water pressure increases
RANDOM
-1000 water pressure to 101 air pressure , guts out the anus (National Geographic)
-temperature messures how fast the molecules move
- everything has moving atoms, ex.- bone atoms,skin atoms,water atoms.
- ocean currents are formed by warm water rising up and the cold water moving to the side and going down to become warm water again
- all matter made of atoms, atoms are mostly empty space
1 litre of Milk = 1000 litres of water
1 Beef steak = 4500 litres of water
1 Pork steak = 1440 litres of water
1 Chicken breast = 1170 litres of water
1 pound of Wheat = 500 litres of water
1 Apple = 70 litres of water
500g of Cheese = 2500 litres of water
200g of Potato Chips = 185 litres of water
1 cob of Corn = 450 litres of water
Water Critical Thinking: What is the most harmful water issue in the world and what can you do about it? - We will do research on all the issues and create a list of things we each can do to protect our water
1. 3rd world disease 2. Thermal pollution 3. Bottled water- Carter, Tanner, Tyson, Kathleen 4. Oil spills - Taylor, Lexi, Tashina 5. Industrial waste (mercury)- Mark 6. Global warming (rising water levels)- Geraldine, Kristelle, Sabrina 7. Pesticides- Logan 8. Fertilizer (phosphates)- 9. Salinization (irrigation) 10. Dams- Sarah, MacKenzie, Sierra 11. Sewage treatment- 12. Food and water footprint 13. Products and water footprint 14. First nations viewpoint on water- Brayden 15. Dead Zones- Cole, Devon, Lance, Kayla 16. floods- Ashlyn, Austin, Sheldon 17. droughts- Noah, Lee Choose one of the above and: 1. Learn about it a. Describe the problem b. What can we do about it? c. What can you do about it? 2. Take jot notes 3. Reference your work (links) 4. Share what you find by speaking to the class 5. Decide on what is the most harmful issue after hearing the presentations
Water Unit Wiki notes:https://bbtest.edonline.sk.ca/webapps/moe-curriculum-BBLEARN/index.jsp?view=outcomes&lang=en&XML=science_8.xml - curriculum
http://ali.apple.com/cbl/challenges/sustainability/water.html
http://www.toronto.ca/water/kids/story_of_water/html/costs.htm
http://www.thatvideosite.com/video/drop_of_water_at_2000_frames_per_second
CLEAN WATER
http://www.charitywater.org/whywater/
- 18% of the world's population has NO access to clean water
- 3 largest water consumers are USA, China and India
- diarrhea from unclean water kills 2 million people/year
- floods and drought are major problems in some countries
BOTTLED WATER
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Se12y9hSOM0&feature=player_embedded
EARTH'S WATER
http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/mearth.html
The earth's water could be divided into:
- salt water - 96.5%
- frozen water - 1.7%
- ground water - 1.7%
- contaminated water - .1%
- fresh water - 1 drop / 1 litre
WATER IN CANADA
http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/maps/reference/outlinecanada/canada06
http://www.ec.gc.ca/eau-water/
http://www.wildeducation.org/programs/oceans2003/drainage3.htm
http://www.sciencecourseware.com/VirtualRiver/index.html- virtual river
- Lake Winnipeg
- Lake Superior
- Lake Huron
- Lake Ontario
- Lake Michigan
- Lake Erie
- Lake Winnipeg
- Great Slave Lake
- Lake Athabaska
- Skeena River
- Mackenzie River
- South Sask. River
- North Sask. River
- Athabaska River
- Nipigon River
- Ottawa River
- Saint John River
- Atlantic Ocean
- Pacific Ocean
OCEANS
http://www.cbc.ca/video/#/Shows/The_Nature_of_Things/ID=1444193388
http://www.palomar.edu/oceanography/salty_ocean.htm
http://earth.google.com/tour.html#v=4
http://www.ted.com/talks/jeremy_jackson.html
http://oneocean.cbc.ca/series/episodes/1-birth-of-an-ocean?auto_load_clip=1431659624
- 99% of all living species on earth now extinct
- 5 major extinctions
- 4/5 extinctions due to global warming and anaerobic bacteria (don't need oxygen) that love hot
- if poles warm, ocean conveyer (currents) stop
- bacteria produce hydrogen sulphide, oceans turn purple, sky turns green
- shark 400 million years old, nautilus 500 million, humans 200 000 years (2500 times less)
- fertilizers and sewage dumped in oceans and through rivers
- marine deserts, no oxygen in water (hypoxia)
- dead zones ( up to 70 000 sq. km )
- fish species going extinct
- 5% of deep ocean is explored
- ocean bottom is more toxic to humans than outer space
- sulphur from volcanic vents
- bioluminescence- most common communication tool on earth
OCEANOGRAPHY CAREERS
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanography
ICE (CRYOSPHERE), GLACIERS, ICE AGES
http://www.nasa.gov/vision/earth/environment/cryosphere.html
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ice/chill.html
http://nsidc.org/glaciers/
http://www.learner.org/vod/vod_window.html?pid=334
GROUND WATER
http://www.ec.gc.ca/eau-water/
http://www.learner.org/vod/vod_window.html?pid=332
WATER EROSION
http://www.bcscience.com/bc8/docs/puzzles/chapter10_puzzle/index.html
http://www.learner.org/vod/vod_window.html?pid=330http://www.learner.org/vod/vod_window.html?pid=331
WAVES
http://www.learner.org/vod/vod_window.html?pid=335
WATER POLLUTION
Types of Water Pollutants
1. Non-persistent (degradable)
- domestic sewage
- fertilizers
- some industrial wastes
These compounds can be broken down by chemical reactions or by natural bacteria into simple, non-polluting substances such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen. The process can lead to low oxygen levels if the pollution load is high. But this damage is reversible.2. Persistent (degrade slowly)
- some pesticides (e.g., DDT, dieldrin)
- some components from landfill sites (municipal, industrial)
- petroleum and petroleum products
- radioactive materials such as strontium-90, cesium-137, radium-226, and uranium
- metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium
This is the most rapidly growing type of pollution and includes substances that degrade very slowly or cannot be broken down at all; they may remain in the aquatic environment for years or longer periods of time. The damage they cause is either irreversible or reparable only over decades or centuries.3. Other
- warm water from cooling towers (thermal pollution)
- floating debris
- garbage
- foam
These are examples not of chemical pollution, but of physical pollution which interferes mainly with the usability and/or aesthetic appeal of the water. In certain cases, thermal pollution can kill fish.The Great Lakes
There are over 360 chemical compounds that have been identified in the Great Lakes, many of which are potentially dangerous to humans and already destructive to the aquatic ecosystems.
WATER CYCLE
The Water Cycle
Rock Cycle
Carbon Cycle
OCEAN CURRENTS
http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/tao/elnino/nino-home.html-- el nino
EXPERIMENT
-air pressure, 101kPa {pascals}, water pressure (more!)- depends on depth
-when cup is turned down air pressure acting up is greater than the water pressure acting down which makes the laminated paper stick on the glass, does not work with smaller hole because water pressure increases
RANDOM
-1000 water pressure to 101 air pressure , guts out the anus (National Geographic)
-temperature messures how fast the molecules move
- everything has moving atoms, ex.- bone atoms,skin atoms,water atoms.
- ocean currents are formed by warm water rising up and the cold water moving to the side and going down to become warm water again
- all matter made of atoms, atoms are mostly empty space
WATER FOOTPRINT
Water Footprint Calculator
http://awesome.good.is/transparency/web/trans0309walkthisway.html
The average Canadian's water usage is 125,000 litres of water per person per year, and the average European's is 73,000 litres.
Water Usage - Stats
1 litre of Milk = 1000 litres of water
1 Beef steak = 4500 litres of water
1 Pork steak = 1440 litres of water
1 Chicken breast = 1170 litres of water
1 pound of Wheat = 500 litres of water
1 Apple = 70 litres of water
500g of Cheese = 2500 litres of water
200g of Potato Chips = 185 litres of water
1 cob of Corn = 450 litres of water
Water Critical Thinking: What is the most harmful water issue in the world and what can you do about it?
- We will do research on all the issues and create a list of things we each can do to protect our water
1. 3rd world disease
2. Thermal pollution
3. Bottled water- Carter, Tanner, Tyson, Kathleen
4. Oil spills - Taylor, Lexi, Tashina
5. Industrial waste (mercury)- Mark
6. Global warming (rising water levels)- Geraldine, Kristelle, Sabrina
7. Pesticides- Logan
8. Fertilizer (phosphates)-
9. Salinization (irrigation)
10. Dams- Sarah, MacKenzie, Sierra
11. Sewage treatment-
12. Food and water footprint
13. Products and water footprint
14. First nations viewpoint on water- Brayden
15. Dead Zones- Cole, Devon, Lance, Kayla
16. floods- Ashlyn, Austin, Sheldon
17. droughts- Noah, Lee
Choose one of the above and:
1. Learn about it
a. Describe the problem
b. What can we do about it?
c. What can you do about it?
2. Take jot notes
3. Reference your work (links)
4. Share what you find by speaking to the class
5. Decide on what is the most harmful issue after hearing the presentations
Due date: __ periods of research